Fall Forecast: Across northern Africa, fall's cooler weather moderates the region’s typically desert-like climate, making a paddle down the Nile or a hike in the Atlas Mountains an attractive proposition. The safari season is winding down in southern Africa as the rainy season begins in late October.

39. Morocco
Few countries possess Morocco’s exotic punch. From the heady cocktail of spices in the souks (markets) to the winding alleys of the ancient medina quarters and the seeming limitlessness of the Sahara sand dunes, every corner of this North African nation incites awe.

Why Go In Fall: By the end of September, the summer heat has dissipated and the crowds are thinner. In Marrakech, the average high in October sits around 80 degrees and drops to an idyllic 72 by November.

Fall 2011 Events: Marrakech Art Fair (Sept. 30–Oct. 3; www.marrakechartfair.com); Marrakech International Film Festival (Dec.2–10; www.festivalmarrakech.info); Casablanca International Art Fair (Dec. 3 –10; www.casafiart.com)

40. South Africa
Often referred to as “a world in one country,” South Africa is a land of beguiling contrasts and endless possibilities. Straddle two mighty oceans (Indian and Atlantic), view the first traces of humanity, tour one of the largest wine-producing regions in the world, and luxuriate in a boutique game lodge after scoring snapshots of the “Big Five” (elephants, lions, leopards, rhinos and buffalo).

Why Go in Fall: October heralds South Africa’s Spring, and with it pleasant, 70-degree temperatures (in Cape Town) and the blooming wild flowers of the Western Cape Provinces. Great package deals can often be found during this time.

Fall 2011 Events: Johannesburg Pride (Oct. 1; www.joburgpride.org); Hermanus Whale Festival (Sept. 30–Oct. 4; www.whalefestival.co.za); Cape Town International Kite Festival (Oct. 22–23; www.capementalhealth.co.za)